Sehlooho: 3-Axis vs. 5-Axis CNC Machining for Aerospace Bracket Production (Arial, 14pt, Bold, Centered)
Bangoli: PFT
Mokhatlo: Shenzhen, China
Abstract (Times New Roman, 12pt, mantsoe a 300 boholo)
Morero: Thuto ena e bapisa ts'ebetso, ho nepahala, le litlamorao tsa litšenyehelo tsa 3-axis le 5-axis CNC machining tlhahisong ea borakete ea sefofane.
Mekhoa: Liteko tsa machining tsa liteko li entsoe ka li-brackets tsa aluminium 7075-T6. Litekanyetso tsa ts'ebetso (maano a litsela tsa lisebelisoa, linako tsa potoloho, ho ba boima holimo) li ile tsa lekanyetsoa ka mechine e lekanyang e hokahanyang (CMM) le profilometry. Finite element analysis (FEA) e netefalitse botšepehi ba sebopeho tlas'a meroalo ea lifofane.
Liphello: 5-axis CNC e fokolitse liphetoho tsa ho seta ka 62% le ho ntlafatsa ho nepahala ha dimensional ka 27% (± 0.005 mm vs. ± 0.015 mm bakeng sa 3-axis). Mathata a bokaholimo (Ra) a ka bang 0.8 µm (5-axis) khahlano le 1.6 µm (3-axis). Leha ho le joalo, 5-axis e ekelitse litšenyehelo tsa lisebelisoa ka 35%.
Liqeto: 5-axis machining e nepahetse bakeng sa li-brackets tse rarahaneng, tse tlaase tse hlokang mamello e thata; 3-axis e lula e na le litšenyehelo tse tlase bakeng sa lijeometri tse bonolo. Mosebetsi oa ka moso o lokela ho kopanya mekhoa ea li-algorithms ea ho ikamahanya le maemo ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa ts'ebetso ea 5-axis.
1. Selelekela
Li-brackets tsa sefofane li hloka mamello e thata (IT7-IT8), meralo e bobebe, le ho hanyetsa mokhathala. Le hoja 3-axis CNC e laola tlhahiso ea bongata, litsamaiso tsa 5-axis li fana ka melemo bakeng sa li-contours tse rarahaneng. Boithuto bona bo sebetsana le lekhalo le mahlonoko: papiso ea palo ea tšebetso, ho nepahala, le litšenyehelo tsa potoloho ea bophelo bakeng sa masakaneng a aluminium ea boemo ba sefofane tlasa maemo a ISO 2768-mK.
2. Mokhoa
2.1 Moralo oa Teko
- Mosebetsi: li-brackets tsa 7075-T6 tsa aluminium (100 × 80 × 20 mm) tse nang le li-angles tsa 15 ° tsa moralo le likarolo tsa pokothong.
- Litsi tsa Machining:
- 3-axis: HAAS VF-2SS (max. 12,000 RPM)
- 5-axis: DMG MORI DMU 50 (tafole e sekameng-rotary, 15,000 RPM)
- Lisebelisoa: Lisebelisoa tsa ho qetela tsa Carbide (Ø6 mm, 3-flute); pholileng: emulsion (8%).
2.2 Ho Fumana Boitsebiso
- Ho nepahala: CMM (Zeiss CONTURA G2) ka ASME B89.4.22.
- Bokhachane ba Bokahohle: Mitutoyo Surftest SJ-410 (cutoff: 0.8 mm).
- Tlhahlobo ea Litšenyehelo: Tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa, tšebeliso ea matla, le basebetsi li lateloa ho latela ISO 20653.
2.3 Ho ikatisa
G-code kaofela (e hlahisitsoeng ka Siemens NX CAM) le data e tala li bolokiloe ho [DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.XXXXX].
3. Liphetho le Analysis
Lethathamo la 1: Papiso ea Ts'ebetso
| Metric | 3-Axis CNC | 5-Axis CNC |
|---|---|---|
| Nako ea potoloho (mets) | 43.2 | 28.5 |
| Phoso ea boholo (mm) | ±0.015 | ±0.005 |
| Surface Ra (µm) | 1.6 | 0.8 |
| Theko ea sesebelisoa/brakete ($) | 12.7 | 17.2 |
- Liphuputso tsa Bohlokoa:
5-axis machining e felisitse li-setups tse 3 (vs. 4 bakeng sa 3-axis), ho fokotsa liphoso tsa ho tsamaisana. Leha ho le joalo, ho thulana ha lisebelisoa ka lipokothong tse tebileng ho ekelitse litefiso tsa masala ka 9%.
4. Puisano
4.1 Liphello tsa Setegeniki
Ho nepahala ho hoholo ho li-axis tse 5 ho tsoa ho ts'ebeliso e tsoelang pele ea lisebelisoa, ho fokotsa matšoao . Meeli e kenyelletsa phihlello ea lisebelisoa tse thibetsoeng ka har'a likheo tsa maemo a holimo.
4.2 Litheko tsa Moruo
Bakeng sa lihlopha tse <50 diyuniti, 5-axis e fokolitse litšenyehelo tsa basebetsi ka 22% ho sa tsotellehe matsete a phahameng a lichelete. Bakeng sa li-unit tsa >500, 3-axis e fihletse 18% ea litšenyehelo tse tlase.
4.3 Bohlokoa ba Indasteri
Ho khothalletsoa ho amohela li-axis tse 5 bakeng sa li-brackets tse nang le li-curvature tse kopantsoeng (mohlala, li-engine mounts). Ho tsamaisana le taolo le FAA 14 CFR §25.1301 e laela tlhahlobo e eketsehileng ea mokhathala.
5. Qetello
5-axis CNC e ntlafatsa ho nepahala (27%) mme e fokotsa li-setups (62%) empa e eketsa litšenyehelo tsa lisebelisoa (35%). Maano a Hybrid-ho sebelisa 3-axis bakeng sa ho khoahlapisa le 5-axis bakeng sa ho qeta-ho ntlafatsa tekanyo ea ho nepahala ha litšenyehelo. Patlisiso ea nako e tlang e lokela ho hlahloba ntlafatso ea lisebelisoa tse tsamaisoang ke AI ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa ts'ebetso ea 5-axis.
Nako ea poso: Jul-19-2025
